ArticlePloS one2025
Multilevel obstacles to heart-healthy living in the context of Ischemic heart disease: A qualitative study.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIschemic heart disease (IHD) is a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle modifications play a central role in preventing and management of IHD, yet patients face barriers to engaging in healthy behaviors. This study explored these barriers among IHD patients in Lorestan Province, Iran.
methodsA qualitative study using conventional content analysis was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were held with 31 IHD patients and 8 key informants (3 cardiologists, 2 cardiology residents, and 3 ward nurses), selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using MAXQDA-2020 based on the Granheim and Lundman approach. Guba and Lincoln's criteria were applied to ensure trustworthiness.
resultsData analysis led to the identification of four main categories, 17 subcategories, and 413 primary codes. The categories identified included socio-cultural barriers, such as taboos surrounding women's sports, misconceptions about sports, fatalism, unhealthy dietary patterns and beliefs, and patterns and beliefs regarding the use of addictive substances. Economic barriers included the economic crisis and the high cost of a healthy lifestyle. Individual barriers included a lack of prioritization of personal health, unhealthy food preferences, lack of access to facilities and conditions for a healthy lifestyle, personality traits, and low health literacy. Healthcare-medical barriers included communication challenges in healthcare, management and infrastructure challenges in healthcare services, gaps in patient education and healthcare delivery, and the perceived insignificance of lifestyle recommendations by patients. These interrelated barriers highlight the compounded difficulties IHD patients face in adopting and sustaining a healthy lifestyle.
conclusionThis study identified multifaceted lifestyle modification barriers in IHD patients including sociocultural, economic, individual, and healthcare system factors. These necessitate community-based intervention, financial support for healthy living, tailored education, and health system reform to include systematic lifestyle counseling in regular care. Future studies are needed to evaluate the feasibility of these interventions to improve long-term health outcomes in IHD patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.