ArticleCurrent microbiology2025
Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 S IgG Antibodies in Children Post-COVID-19 and the Association of Antibody Levels with Vaccination Status.
Article in Current microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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13 authors.
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Abstract
Children who contracted COVID-19 develop antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein which persist for 4 to 12 months following infection. We sought to analyze the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 one year after COVID-19 in children under 18 years, vaccinated or unvaccinated. Blood samples were collected during the acute phase, the convalescence stage and one-year post-disease. Vaccinated adults who had COVID-19 during the same timeframe were analyzed for comparison. Serum SARS-CoV-2 S IgG was assessed using immunoassay, and neutralizing activity was evaluated using a SARS-CoV-2 S-pseudotyped lentivirus assay. Seventy-five children were enrolled, with a median age of 8 years (IQR 3-12), and 35% were vaccinated. Forty-nine adults were included, with a median age of 34 years (IQR 29-44). Among unvaccinated children, median SARS-CoV-2 S IgG levels one year after COVID-19 tended to decrease 2-fold compared to convalescent levels. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were notably elevated in children with two or three COVID-19 vaccine doses compared to unvaccinated individuals. Children who received mRNA vaccines exhibited higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers (p = 0.0028) and neutralizing antibodies (p = 0.0120) compared to those who received inactivated vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 IgG showed no correlation with the severity of the initial illness or the presence of comorbidities. SARS-CoV-2 IgG did not significantly differ between vaccinated children and adults with the same vaccination status. Among unvaccinated children, convalescent levels of IL-1 β and IL-4 positively correlated with one-year antibody responses. This work highlights the significance of vaccinating children to sustain a lasting humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2, even after infection.
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