Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41364158›Full record

Trial reportJournal of gambling studies2026

Public Perceptions of Gambling in the UK Armed Forces: Understanding Stigma Via a Vignette Experiment.

Jessica Smith, Simon Dymond, Jamie Torrance

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of gambling studies, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jessica SmithSchool of Psychology, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
Simon DymondSchool of Psychology, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
Jamie TorranceSchool of Psychology, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK. jamie.torrance@swansea.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5001-4126

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gambling-related harm among armed forces (AF) personnel is a growing concern, yet public perceptions remain underexplored. Anticipated public stigma (the fear of how others perceive you) of gambling among the AF is a potential barrier to help-seeking. Understanding how the public perceives gambling in the AF is essential for shaping stigma-reduction strategies. A randomised, online 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment was conducted. A representative sample of the United Kingdom public (N = 396) was recruited through Prolific and randomly assigned to view a vignette featuring either an AF member or non-AF civilian who was described as engaging in either harmful or non-harmful gambling. Following exposure to their assigned vignette, participants completed measures assessing stigma and empathy towards the depicted individual. Participants perceived individuals from the AF as significantly more dangerous (p = .002) compared to non-AF civilians. When the vignette depicted gambling-related harm, as opposed to recreational gambling, participants reported significantly higher stigma across seven of the ten stigma measures (all p < .001). This study highlights how public stigma towards gambling harm is strong and can be shaped by military status, with AF personnel facing increased perceptions of dangerousness. Findings underscore the need for public stigma-reduction strategies that address both gambling-related and military-specific misconceptions.

Indexed as

GamblingMilitary PersonnelPublic OpinionSocial StigmaAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedUnited KingdomYoung AdultArmed forcesGamblingHarmMilitaryPublic perceptionsStigma

Identifiers

PMID41364158
PMCPMC13009008

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.