Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41362796›Full record

ArticleRadiology case reports2026

Cervical osteophytes resulting in dysphagia: A case report with literature review.

Hoshmand R Asaad, Sivan H Salih, Dana T Gharib, Shaho F Ahmed, Karokh F HamaHussein, Deari A Ismaeil, Hezha A Mohammed, Azad S Hattam, Sarwat T San Ahmed, Twana Omer Saeed and 2 more

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Radiology case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Hoshmand R AsaadScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Sivan H SalihScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Dana T GharibScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Shaho F AhmedScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Karokh F HamaHusseinScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Deari A IsmaeilScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Hezha A MohammedScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Azad S HattamScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Sarwat T San AhmedScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Twana Omer SaeedScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Berun A AbdallaScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.
Fahmi H KakamadScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah (46001), Iraq.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dysphagia may result from either organic or structural conditions, whether malignant or benign, or functional disorders, primarily involving motility or sensory perception. However, its occurrence due to cervical osteophytes is a rare phenomenon. This report presents a case of anterior cervical osteophytes inducing dysphagia. An 81-year-old man presented with complaints of weakness, fever, dysphagia, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a bulge in the posterior pharyngeal wall. A computed tomography scan revealed anterior cervical osteophytes extending from C2 to C6, most prominently between C3 and C4. The patient was treated conservatively as he rejected surgical intervention. Dysphagia primarily impairs the swallowing of solid foods, and in more severe cases, also affects liquid intake and speech. Anterior cervical osteophytes can arise due to reactive bone formation in the anterior longitudinal ligaments due to degenerative conditions. Diagnostic evaluation involves endoscopy, various imaging modalities, esophagogastroduodenal transit studies, and other techniques such as videofluoroscopic swallowing studies. Most cases are managed conservatively using medical therapy and supportive interventions. However, when conservative measures fail, osteophytectomy may be indicated, although it may carry potential postoperative risks and complications. In conclusion, dysphagia caused by anterior cervical osteophytes is uncommon, and more frequent etiologies should be carefully excluded before establishing the diagnosis.

Indexed as

Anterior cervical osteophyteDysphagiaEsophagogastroduodenoscopyFluoroscopySwallowing difficulties

Identifiers

PMID41362796
PMCPMC12681819

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.