ArticleInternational journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention2025
Mental health status and cardiovascular outcomes across Life's Essential 8 categories.
Article in International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Transgender Health: A Metabolic Wake-Up Call.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismArticle
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Anxiety and depression are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD); impacts of these conditions on cardiovascular outcomes across different levels of cardiovascular health (CVH), measured by Life's Essential 8 (LE8) scores, remain unclear. Methods and results: We analyzed 290,778 UK Biobank participants (mean age 56.5, 56.1 % male) without prior CVD. CVH was assessed using the LE8 score. Mental health status (healthy, anxiety only, depression only, or comorbid anxiety and depression) was determined through PHQ-4 items and ICD-10 codes (F32-F33 for depression, F40-F41 for anxiety). Cardiovascular outcomes were defined as a composite of coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), and stroke. Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for confounders and stratified by LE8 score (<50 [poor CVH] vs. ≥50 [intermediate-optimal]). Compared to the mentally healthy group, participants with comorbid anxiety and depression had the highest overall cardiovascular risk (adjusted HR 1.85 [95 % CI 1.74-1.97]). The impact of mental health status varied according to baseline LE8 scores. Among those with LE8 <50, isolated anxiety (adjusted HR 1.23 [1.09-1.40]), depression (adjusted HR 1.34 [1.22-1.47]), as well as comorbid anxiety and depression (adjusted HR 1.46 [1.31-1.64]) were all associated with increased cardiovascular risk. In the LE8 ≥50 group, isolated anxiety (adjusted HR 1.39 [1.30-1.48]), isolated depression (adjusted HR 1.52 [1.43-1.60]), and comorbid anxiety and depression (adjusted HR 1.78 [1.66-1.90]) were all associated with increased risk. Conclusions: Mental health independently affects cardiovascular risk, modified by baseline CVH. Mental health emerge as a relative risk predictor among individuals with CVH (LE8 ≥ 50).
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