Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41362594›Full record

ArticleTherapeutic advances in psychopharmacology2025

What is it like to microdose LSD for depression? a thematic analysis of participant interviews from an open-label trial.

Carina Joy Donegan, Dimitri Daldegan-Bueno, Rachael L Sumner, Anna Forsyth, Will Evans, Nicholas R Hoeh, Frederick Sundram, David Menkes, Suresh Muthukumaraswamy, Lisa Reynolds

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Carina Joy DoneganDepartment of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, 85 Park Rd, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6936-4587
Dimitri Daldegan-BuenoSchool of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9352-2873
Rachael L SumnerSchool of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2652-4617
Anna ForsythSchool of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3283-2691
Will EvansMana Health, Parnell, Auckland, New Zealand.
Nicholas R HoehDepartment of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8013-1208
Frederick SundramDepartment of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6311-9856
David MenkesDepartment of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3760-7896
Suresh MuthukumaraswamySchool of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-3920
Lisa ReynoldsDepartment of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9609-2135

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Depressive disorders affect approximately 280 million globally, with many finding treatments ineffective or limited by side effects. Growing evidence suggests that psychedelic therapies may help alleviate depressive symptoms. Among these, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) microdosing shows promise for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, research on LSD microdosing in clinical populations remains limited. Objectives: This study aimed to understand the experiences of individuals participating in an open-label trial of LSD microdosing for MDD. Design: Open-label pilot trial in target population (MDD; phase IIa). Methods: Seventeen participants with MDD completed an 8-week LSD microdosing regimen, dosing twice weekly. Following the intervention, participants underwent semi-structured interviews regarding their experiences. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Themes were grouped into five categories: enhanced self-determination, increased connectedness, improved cognitive processing, better emotional well-being, and negative effects. Conclusion: Reported effects appeared to reinforce one another; that is, self-determination led to feeling more connected, which enhanced cognitive processing and ultimately improved emotional well-being and reduced depressive symptoms. However, this effect was not universal; some individuals reported negative effects or no significant improvement from microdosing LSD. This variability may be due to individual differences in response, insufficient dosage, or the treatment's lack of effectiveness for some individuals. The presence of side effects highlights the need for a careful titration protocol, while the lack of symptom improvement in some cases reinforces that microdosing is not a guaranteed solution, and expectations should remain realistic. The absence of a placebo control represents a key limitation as it precludes attribution of observed changes specifically to LSD. Trial registration: ANZCTR, ACTRN12623000486628. Registered on 12 May 2023 (https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=385758).

Indexed as

lysergic acid diethylamidemajor depressive disordermicrodosingopen-labelpsychedelicsqualitative research

Identifiers

PMID41362594
PMCPMC12681616

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.