Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41361474›Full record

Trial reportImplementation science : IS2025

Project MIMIC (Maximizing Implementation of Motivational Incentives in Clinics): results of a 28-site cluster-randomized type 3 hybrid trial.

Sara J Becker, Tim Janssen, Tim Souza, Bryan Hartzler, Carla J Rash, Kira DiClemente-Bosco, Bryan R Garner

Erratum issued Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Implementation science : IS, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT03931174 (Implementing Contingency Management in Opioid Treatment Centers Across New England), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03931174 nacompletednot on this map

Implementing Contingency Management in Opioid Treatment Centers Across New England: A Type 3 Hybrid Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorBrown UniversityRan2019 to 2024Enrolled780ConditionsOpioid-use DisorderArmsAddiction Technology Transfer Center (ATTC) Training Strategy, Enhanced Addiction Technology Transfer Center (E-ATTC) Training Strategy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Habit Formation to Enhance Implementation of Evidence-based Practice.Administration and policy in mental health · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sara J BeckerCenter for Dissemination and Implementation Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N St Clair Street, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. Sara.Becker@Northwestern.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1827-4662
Tim JanssenCenter for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Tim SouzaCenter for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Bryan HartzlerDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, 1107 NE 45Th Street, Suite 120, Seattle, WA, 98105-4631, USA.
Carla J RashDepartment of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
Kira DiClemente-BoscoCenter for Dissemination and Implementation Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N St Clair Street, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Bryan R GarnerDepartment of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 395 W 12Th Ave 3Rd Floor, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.

Funding

Transforming health equity rhetoric to rigor: Development and validation of a novel measure assessing health equity in implementation of health interventionsP50DA054072 · NIDA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Mark P McGovern · 2022 to 2026
$18.1M
Implementing contingency management in opioid treatment centers across New England: A hybrid type 3 trialR01DA046941 · NIDA · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI BECKER, SARA, GARNER, BRYAN R · 2018 to 2022
$3.6M
NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA054072NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA046941NIDA NIH HHS R01DA046941
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundContingency management (CM), a behavioral treatment that incentivizes patients for attaining treatment goals, is a highly effective adjunct to medication for opioid use disorder. However, CM is rarely offered in opioid treatment programs in the United States. In a prior pilot trial, the implementation strategy (didactic workshop + feedback + consultation) delivered by the Addiction Technology Transfer Centers (ATTC strategy) promoted CM adoption more effectively than didactic training, but the speed and duration of implementation were sub-optimal. This 28-site type 3 hybrid trial tested the comparative effectiveness of the ATTC strategy versus an Enhanced-ATTC (E-ATTC) strategy that contained two theory-driven techniques targeting implementation climate to improve acceleration and sustainment, respectively: a provider-focused incentivization strategy and a team-focused facilitation strategy. We hypothesized that the E-ATTC strategy would be associated with superior implementation and patient outcomes.

methodsTwenty-eight opioid treatment programs, 186 providers, and 592 patients were cluster-randomized to receive either the ATTC or E-ATTC strategy. Providers logged their CM sessions in an online CM Tracker and submitted audio-recorded CM sessions, and patients completed surveys about their opioid use at three timepoints. Intention-to-treat analyses examined impacts of the two multi-level strategies on implementation outcomes (CM Exposure, CM Competence, CM Sustainment) and patient outcomes (Opioid Abstinence, Opioid Related Problems).

resultsThe pattern of results was identical across unadjusted, propensity score-adjusted, and covariate-adjusted general linear mixed models, though significance varied slightly. Relative to providers receiving the ATTC strategy, those receiving the E-ATTC strategy had significantly higher odds of CM Exposure (covariate adjusted OR = 3.21, p < 0.05) and of attaining the Excellent CM Competence benchmark (propensity-adjusted OR = 4.07, p < 0.05). Patients at the E-ATTC sites had significantly greater likelihood of Opioid Abstinence over time (OR = 2.04, p < 0.05). There were no significant conditional differences in CM Sustainment, though data were measured at the program-level, which limited power to detect differences.

conclusionsThe theory-driven E-ATTC strategy, which targeted implementation climate via facilitation and incentivization, had superior implementation and patient outcomes relative to the ATTC strategy. Results of this study can help inform ongoing CM implementation efforts across the United States.

trial registrationThis study was registered in Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03931174) on April 23, 2019.

Indexed as

Behavior TherapyMotivationOpioid-Related DisordersAdultFemaleHumansImplementation ScienceMaleMiddle AgedUnited StatesAddiction technology transfer centerCluster-randomizedContingency managementHybrid trialsOpioid use disorderSubstance use treatmentType 3

Identifiers

PMID41361474
PMCPMC12870086

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.