Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41361338›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Multicenter analysis of the Mycoplasma pneumoniae resurgence in China 2023-2024.

Mengyang Zhang, Wen Wen, Yanxiu Ma, Yiyuan Hua, Qicong Cao, Haizhen Lai, Guangming Ye, Li Wu, Guomei Chen, Qiang Ke and 1 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Reporting macrolide-resistantJournal of clinical microbiology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Macrolide Resistance ofInfection and drug resistance · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mengyang Zhang *State Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
Wen Wen *Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Yanxiu MaState Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
Yiyuan HuaState Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
Qicong CaoState Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
Haizhen LaiState Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
Guangming YeDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Li WuDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Bozhou District, Zunyi, 563100, China.
Guomei ChenDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Bozhou District, Zunyi, 563100, China.
Qiang KeDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Diagnostics, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China. keq@hznu.edu.cn.
Xiaoming SunState Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China. xiaoming@hznu.edu.cn.

Funding

the Hangzhou Youth Innovation Team Project TD2023020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a significant cause of community-acquired pneumonia, with epidemic peaks occurring every 3–7 years. This multicenter, retrospective study analyzed 421 M. pneumoniae strains from four regions in China (Liaoning, Zhejiang, Wuhan, Guizhou) collected between November 2023 and January 2024, alongside 147 publicly available genomes, to investigate genotypic diversity and macrolide resistance during a recent resurgence. Infection rates in 2023 ranged from 19.4 to 35.9%, reflecting a significant increase compared to the reduced incidence (1.69%) during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021). Genomic sequencing revealed that the P1-1 genotype predominated (87.3–94.9%), with P1-2c and a rare P1-2 g variant also detected. Macrolide resistance was observed in 97.1% of samples, primarily driven by the A2063G mutation in the 23 S rRNA gene, though 80% of P1-2 strains lacked resistance mutations. Phylogenetic analysis, including sequences from Beijing, Shenzhen, Suzhou, and Taiwan, indicated widespread circulation of macrolide-resistant P1-1 strains since 2016. No significant differences in bacterial load or blood parameters were observed between genotypes or resistance profiles. The resurgence aligns with global trends, with P1-1 dominance and high macrolide resistance complicating treatment, particularly in children. These findings highlight the need for ongoing surveillance, updated treatment guidelines, and alternative therapeutic strategies to address the challenges posed by macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae. Continuous monitoring of genotypic variations and resistance patterns is essential to inform public health strategies and improve clinical outcomes.

Indexed as

Mycoplasma pneumoniaePneumonia, MycoplasmaAnti-Bacterial AgentsChinaCommunity-Acquired PneumoniaDrug Resistance, BacterialGenotypeHumansMacrolidesMutationPhylogenyRetrospective StudiesRNA, Ribosomal, 23SAnti-Bacterial AgentsMacrolidesRNA, Ribosomal, 23SGenotypeMacrolide resistanceMycoplasma pneumoniaeResurgence

Identifiers

PMID41361338
PMCPMC12764581

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.