ArticleBMC public health2025
The individual and joint effects of long-term exposure to temperature and relative humidity on blood pressure: a prospective cohort study in China.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Japanese Society of Hypertension Practical Consensus Guidelines for Seasonal Blood Pressure Management.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- [Environmental relative humidity, frailty, and risk of incident stroke among middle-aged and older adults in China: A prospective cohort study].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
- Association between meteorological factors and blood pressure variability in northern Guizhou, China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe opportunity of long-term exposure to non-optimal temperature and relative humidity (RH) may increase which might contribute to elevations in blood pressure (BP). This study aimed to examine the joint effect of long-term exposure to temperature and RH on BP which help better adaption to climate change.
methodsData were collected from 9272 participants in global AGEing and adult health cohort study across eight provinces in China from 2007 to 2019. Annual meteorological data were treated as indicators which derived from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts atmospheric reanalysis (ERA5). Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) and quantile-based g-computation models were employed to estimate the individual and joint associations between long-term exposure to temperature and RH with BP.
resultsIn joint effect analysis, we found a U-shaped pattern. The minimum blood pressure percentile (MBPP) for both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was observed at a temperature of approximately 15.4 °C and RH of 72.8%. Compared to MBPP, exposure to 4.6 °C and 57.9% was associated with increases of 12.05mmHg (95%CI:11.63-12.42mmHg) and 6.67mmHg (95%CI:6.43-6.88mmHg) in SBP and DBP, respectively. Exposure to 22.5 °C and 79.2% was associated with increases of 11.75mmHg (95%CI:10.32-13.08mmHg) and 6.47mmHg (95%CI:5.65-7.25mmHg) in of SBP and DBP, respectively. People < 60 years old, female and hypertensive patients not taking antihypertensive medication were more susceptible to mixture exposure to low temperature and low RH. Additionally, the effect of dry-cold event on BP was higher than that of wet-cold, wet-hot, and dry-hot events.
conclusionThe associations between long-term co-exposure to temperature and RH and BP exhibited a U-shaped curve. Individuals under 60 years old, females, and hypertensive patients not taking antihypertensive medication were more susceptible to dry-cold events.
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