Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41361117›Full record

ArticleArchives of toxicology2026

Insights into the human metabolism and in silico receptor activity of gidazepam and desalkylgidazepam.

Prince Sellase Gameli, Johannes Kutzler, Cristina Minnelli, Giuseppe Basile, Emiliano Laudadio, Francesco Paolo Busardò, Volker Auwärter, Jeremy Carlier

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of toxicology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Prince Sellase GameliDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126, Ancona, Italy.ORCID 0009-0001-3194-3250
Johannes KutzlerInstitute of Forensic Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8693-9312
Cristina MinnelliDepartment of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8034-8557
Giuseppe BasileDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126, Ancona, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9602-4223
Emiliano LaudadioDepartment of Science and Engineering of Matter, Environment and Urban Planning, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131, Ancona, Italy. e.laudadio@univpm.it.ORCID 0000-0002-8053-6539
Francesco Paolo BusardòDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126, Ancona, Italy. f.p.busardo@univpm.it.ORCID 0000-0002-3082-4532
Volker AuwärterInstitute of Forensic Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1883-2804
Jeremy CarlierDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126, Ancona, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3332-9518

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Desalkylgidazepam, an active gidazepam metabolite, first appeared on the illicit drug market in 2022 and has been detected in polydrug intoxication cases. Since both benzodiazepines and their metabolites can result from gidazepam metabolism, it is important to identify markers that specifically indicate consumption of each compound. We therefore investigated the human metabolism of gidazepam and desalkylgidazepam by incubating them with human hepatocytes and analyzing the resulting samples, along with human blood from a confirmed desalkylgidazepam-positive case, using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. To further assess their pharmacological profile, we examined the activity of gidazepam, desalkylgidazepam, and their potential (3R)- and (3S)-hydroxy metabolites at γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABA

Indexed as

BenzodiazepinesIllicit DrugsReceptors, GABA-AComputer SimulationHepatocytesHumansReceptors, GABABenzodiazepinesIllicit DrugsReceptors, GABAReceptors, GABA-ATSPO protein, humanConsumption biomarkerGABAA receptorHigh-resolution mass spectrometryMetabolismMolecular dynamicsTSPO

Identifiers

PMID41361117
PMCPMC12967407

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.