ArticleScientific reports2025
A global perspective on cold wave disasters.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Cold-wave disasters cause substantial loss of life and property, yet their global patterns remain poorly understood in a warming climate. Using EM-DAT records (1951-2023), we quantified cold-wave disaster frequency, mortality, and damages worldwide. Linear-regression models were applied to assess temporal trends (annual and decadal), and "deaths per disaster" was calculated as a vulnerability indicator. A total of 312 cold-wave disasters occurred across 70 countries, causing 17 933 deaths and US $52.48 billion (inflation-adjusted) in damages. Europe recorded the most events, while Asia accounted for more than half of global deaths. India experienced the highest number of disasters and fatalities, and Peru had the greatest deaths per event. Disaster frequency rose significantly over time (β = 0.14 events year
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