Trial reportRMD open2025
Early-life animal and farming exposures and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: findings from the E3N French cohort study.
Trial report in RMD open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03285230 (The French E3N Prospective Cohort Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The French E3N Prospective Cohort Study (Etude Epidémiologique auprès de Femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale)
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Pre-arthritis stages of rheumatoid arthritis: from pathology to precision prevention.RMD open · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this study is to assess the association between childhood exposure to pets and farm animals and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adulthood, using data from a large prospective cohort.
methodsWe analysed 78 473 women from the Etude Epidémiologique auprès des femmes de la Mutuelle générale de l'Education Nationale cohort, among whom 698 incident cases of RA were identified and validated. Childhood exposure to domestic pets (cats, dogs) and farm animals, as well as the age at first exposure, was self-reported by participants using predefined categorical options (eg, never, <1 year, 1-2 years, etc). HRs were estimated using Cox models, with confounders selected via directed acyclic graphs.
resultsEarly exposure to pets (cats/dogs) between the ages of 1 year and 2 years compared with no exposure was associated with a lower risk of RA (adjusted HR (aHR) 0.57, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.95), regardless of smoking status. However, no association was observed with pet exposure at earlier (<1 year) or later ages. Conversely, exposure to farm animals (cows, sheep, pigs) during childhood was borderline associated with an increased risk of RA (aHR 1.26, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.59), irrespective of age at exposure.
conclusionHow and when children are exposed to animals could affect the risk of developing RA. Our results suggest a potential inverse association restricted to pet exposure at ages 1-2 years, but not at other ages, whereas exposure to farm animals was positively associated. These findings should be interpreted cautiously and warrant further investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03285230.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.