ArticleNeuropsychology2026
Mediating effect of cognitive reserve on associations between processing speed and memory in older adults with and without multiple sclerosis.
Article in Neuropsychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveSlower processing speed is implicated in memory impairment in both aging and multiple sclerosis (MS). Cognitive reserve serves as a buffer against memory decline and dementia, but no studies have reported on its mediating effect on the associations between processing speed and memory. Therefore, we investigated whether cognitive reserve mediated the relationship between processing speed and verbal memory in older adults and whether the presence of MS modified this association.
methodOlder adults with MS (
resultsCognitive reserve fully mediated the association of Symbol Digit Modalities Test on Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised: immediate recall when fully adjusted for covariates (indirect effect:
conclusionsCognitive reserve mediated associations between processing speed and memory performance in older adults with and without MS, highlighting its protective role against memory decline. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
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