Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41359187›Full record

ArticlePediatric surgery international2025

School toilet facilities perception of children with hirschsprung disease: a parents perspective.

A C Ter Schure, S P van Streun, C M C de Beaufort, J van Leeuwen, M van Dorp, S van Velsen-Knobbout, J Bols, M A Benninga, J P M Derikx, R R Gorter

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Article in Pediatric surgery international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

A C Ter SchureDepartment of Pediatric SurgeryAmsterdam Pediatric Abdominal Center, Emma Children's HospitalAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands. a.c.terschure@amsterdamumc.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-3139-323X
S P van StreunDepartment of Pediatric SurgeryAmsterdam Pediatric Abdominal Center, Emma Children's HospitalAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
C M C de BeaufortDepartment of Pediatric SurgeryAmsterdam Pediatric Abdominal Center, Emma Children's HospitalAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
J van LeeuwenDepartment of Pediatric SurgeryAmsterdam Pediatric Abdominal Center, Emma Children's HospitalAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
M van DorpVereniging ziekte van Hirschsprung, 's-Hertogenbosch, 5231 DD, The Netherlands.
S van Velsen-KnobboutVereniging ziekte van Hirschsprung, 's-Hertogenbosch, 5231 DD, The Netherlands.
J BolsVereniging ziekte van Hirschsprung, 's-Hertogenbosch, 5231 DD, The Netherlands.
M A BenningaDepartment of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J P M DerikxDepartment of Pediatric SurgeryAmsterdam Pediatric Abdominal Center, Emma Children's HospitalAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
R R GorterDepartment of Pediatric SurgeryAmsterdam Pediatric Abdominal Center, Emma Children's HospitalAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAccess to appropriate and clean toilet facilities is essential for children with Hirschsprung Disease (HD). This study aims to assess how parents of children with HD perceive school toilet facilities.

methodA cross-sectional survey was spread among parents of children aged 4-13 years with HD. The questionnaire addressed the frequency of toilet use and reasons for positive or negative experiences, with open- and closed-ended questions, for quantitatively and qualitatively analyses, respectively.

resultsForty-four parents completed the questionnaire. The median age of the children was 7 years (IQR 5.3-10.8). Five (11.4%) children never used the school toilet, 16 (36.6%) used it for urination only, and 23 (52.3%) used it for urination and defecation. Positive parental experiences (29, 65.9%) were associated with the possibility for the child to clean themselves at school, while negative experiences (15, 38.6%) were linked to the absence of child-specific toilet rules. Qualitative analysis revealed six influencing themes; assistance, possibilities, school rules, medical nature, toilet facilities, and information.

conclusionToilet avoidance for defecation remains common among children with HD. Improvements in toilet facilities, support, and individualized toilet policies may enhance well-being in this population.

Indexed as

Hirschsprung DiseaseParentsSchoolsToilet FacilitiesAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesDefecationFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesDefecation withholdingHirschsprung diseasePediatric continenceSchool aged childrenToilet avoidance

Identifiers

PMID41359187

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.