ArticleForensic toxicology2026
An unusual way of acute Pyrazolam poisoning in consumer of commercially approved benzodiazepines.
Article in Forensic toxicology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeDesigner benzodiazepines (D-BZDs) are a subclass of new psychoactive substances (NPS) posing heightened health risks. Pyrazolam, a triazolobenzodiazepine never marketed for medical use, remains poorly documented in clinical settings. The purpose of this study was to investigate an acute intoxication case to pyrazolam with quantification of this D-BZD in the different collected non biological and biological samples.
methodsToxicological analyses were performed on plasma, urine, gastric aspirate, hair, and the ingested liquid using targeted and untargeted liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The detectability of pyrazolam using routine immunoassays was also assessed.
resultsThe vodka solution contained ethanol (330 g/L) and pyrazolam (450 mg/L). Plasma pyrazolam concentration reached 500 ng/mL five hours post-ingestion and decreased to 270 ng/mL at 72 h. Pyrazolam, its glucuronide metabolite, and several co-ingested substances such as methylenedioxy-α-pyrrolidinohexaphenone, pentylone, methadone and commercial benzodiazepines were detected in the investigated matrices. Immunoassays allowed the detection of pyrazolam only in urine. Hair analysis supported the recent NPS use.
conclusionsThis case highlights the risk of severe intoxication with D-BZD and underscores the value of high-resolution mass spectrometry to identify emerging substances which may not be included in targeted approaches.
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