Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41358728›Full record

ReviewJournal of bacteriology2026

Where and how many: evolutionary diversification of a molecular switch regulating flagellar patterns.

Gert Bange, Georg Hochberg, Kai Thormann, Anita Dornes

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of bacteriology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Gert BangeCenter of Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7826-0932
Georg HochbergCenter of Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Kai ThormannDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7292-4884
Anita DornesCenter of Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1060-3636

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 495924434
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Flagella are rotating organelles of locomotion that enable bacteria to navigate their environments. They are positioned at various locations and in differing numbers across the bacterial surface, a characteristic known as the "flagellation pattern." Surprisingly, many of these diverse patterns are regulated by a conserved molecular switch composed of the GTP-binding protein FlhF and the ATPase FlhG, with FlhG stimulating the GTPase activity of FlhF. The evolutionary origins of FlhF and FlhG can be traced to the signal recognition particle (SRP) system and the MinD-dependent cell division machinery, respectively. Here, we review current knowledge on the mechanisms by which the conserved FlhF/FlhG switch controls flagellation patterns across different bacterial species. This system exemplifies how evolution repurposes ancient cellular machineries to control new functions, highlighting the adaptability of protein-based regulatory networks.

Indexed as

BacteriaBacterial ProteinsEvolution, MolecularFlagellaGene Expression Regulation, BacterialBacterial Proteinsevolutionflagellummacromolecular machineMin systemmotilitynucleotide-binding proteinsprotein-protein interaction (PPI)regulatory networksignal recognition particle (SRP)type 3 secretion system

Identifiers

PMID41358728
PMCPMC12826062

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.