Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41356947›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Protective Role of Axial Length in Diabetic Retinopathy: A Case-Control Study.

Aikaterini E Mouzaka, Aristeidis Chandrinos, Irini Chatziralli, Eleni Chatzichristou, Themistoklis K Gialelis

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Aikaterini E MouzakaOptics and Optometry Division, Investigative Techniques in Optometry Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC.
Aristeidis ChandrinosOptics and Optometry Division, Investigative Techniques in Optometry Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC.
Irini Chatziralli2nd Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC.
Eleni ChatzichristouOptics and Optometry Division, Investigative Techniques in Optometry Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC.
Themistoklis K GialelisOptics and Optometry Division, Investigative Techniques in Optometry Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and a leading cause of visual impairment. Axial length (AL) of the eye has been implicated in retinal structure and may influence DR pathogenesis. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that longer ocular AL exerts a protective effect against the development and progression of DR. In addition, it sought to examine secondary associations between AL and demographic or clinical variables, including sex, diabetes duration, insulin use, and presence of diabetic macular edema. Methods A total of 455 adults aged 50-85 years were included, of whom 135 (29.7%) had confirmed T2D. AL was measured using the IOL Master 500, and DR staging was performed through indirect ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Due to non-normal data distribution, non-parametric tests were used (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman, Pearson Chi-Square). Results Diabetic patients exhibited significantly lower median AL compared to non-diabetics (23.26 mm vs. 23.50 mm,

Indexed as

axial lengthdiabetes mellitusdiabetic retinopathymyopiaocular microvasculature

Identifiers

PMID41356947
PMCPMC12680907

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.