ArticleWorld journal of cardiology2025
Racial disparities in electrical and structural cardiac adaptation among adolescent athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in World journal of cardiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundIn pediatric and adolescent athletes, there is a lack of understanding about the impact of factors such as race on the structural or cardiovascular adaptations in response to exercise which may unnecessarily disqualify athletes from the competitive sport. We hypothesized that race has an impact on cardiac adaptions in non-adult athletes.
aimTo explore the racial disparity in electrocardiographic (ECG) and echocardiographic (ECHO) parameters in healthy adolescent athletes.
methodsA comprehensive electronic systematic literature search using MEDLINE database was performed from inception to September 20, 2024. Inclusion criteria included randomized or observational cohort studies that recruited adolescent competitive athletes in any sport discipline and compared between the Black and White races with an age range of 12-18 years.
resultsOf 723 records that were identified by the literature search, seven studies (
conclusionRace has an impact on the ECG and ECHO parameters that reflect cardiac adaptations in adolescent athletes. Black athletes tend to have an increased prevalence of distinct ECG changes such as first-degree AV block and T-wave inversions compared with their White counterparts. Despite having thicker septal and posterior walls, the overall prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy did not differ between the races.
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