ArticleWomen in sport & physical activity journal2024
A Survey Evaluating the Relationship Between the Perceived Side Effects of Hormonal Contraception and Physical Activity Levels in Adult U.S. Women.
Article in Women in sport & physical activity journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fueling Women's Football: Evidence-Informed Practical Nutrition Strategies for Performance and Health.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Associations between physical activity, sleep patterns and diet quality and menstrual health symptoms in midlife: evidence from the 1970 British Cohort Study.BMC women's health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Objective: Nearly all females use some form of contraception in their lifetimes, making hormonal contraception (HC) a prevalent hormonal landscape. The purpose of this survey was to characterize the prevalence of HC use and the associated perceived side effects in active U.S. adult females. Study Design: Six hundred seventy active adult females between ages 18 and 52 years living in the United States (age = 30.7 ± 8.1 years; body mass index = 25.4 ± 5.5 kg/m Results: Overall, 65.2% of females reported using HC. Combined oral contraceptives were most commonly used (48.3%), followed by intrauterine devices (40.7%). Compared with non-HC users, HC users reported a significantly lower occurrence of premenstrual syndrome (65.7% vs. 54.0%, respectively; Conclusions: HC use in females remains very high. HC users reported a higher number of perceived positive side effects compared with perceived negative side effects; the type of HC method may impact the perceived side effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.