SynthesisFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2025
Clinical effect of immunomodulatory therapy in periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Periodontitis-Induced Immune Reprogramming: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy Response.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Beyond receptor activation: biased toll-like receptor signaling in periodontal inflammation and regeneration.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The macrophage polarization-ferroptosis axis as a therapeutically targetable immunometabolic framework in periodontitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Oral stem cells in combination with hydrogels as biomimetic bioactive platforms for periodontal tissue engineering.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the clinical effect of immunomodulatory therapy in periodontitis, and to identify the possible key inflammatory factors to intervene to modulate the immune status and improve periodontal conditions. Materials and methods: An electronic search was conducted for human-based studies published until October 2025 on MEDLINE (PubMed), ISI Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effectiveness of immunotherapy and placebo were included. We also compared cytokine levels between the immunotherapy group and the non-immunotherapy group to identify the specific inflammatory mediators influenced by immunotherapy but not by SRP (Scaling and Root Planning). Meta-analyses with fixed and random effects models were performed. Risk of bias assessment was also performed for randomized controlled trials. Results: Of the 34 articles selected, 22 were included in the meta-analysis (n = 991). It was found that immunomodulatory therapy improved clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding from probing (BOP), and depth of probing (PD) in patients with periodontitis. A three-group meta-analysis showed that immunotherapy affected periodontal disease progression by modulating local immune factors IL-1β, IL-17, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, thus providing a potential statistically significant benefit. Conclusion: Immunotherapy influenced periodontal disease progression through the modulation of local immune factors. The data support the use of immunotherapy as an adjunct to conventional mechanical therapy. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate sources of heterogeneity of the results and examine the potentiality of using inflammatory cytokines as novel targets for the treatment of periodontal disease.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.