ArticleScientific reports2025
Net Promoter Score inversion may signal problematic digital use.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Problematic consumption of digital experiences poses rising risks to consumer well-being, yet early detection remains challenging. This article examines whether data routinely collected in digital products can reveal indicators of problematic use. Drawing on dual-process theory, research on compulsive consumption, and clinical diagnostic criteria, the study proposes that Net Promoter Score (NPS) inversion-defined as negative evaluation of a product concurrent with sustained or increased consumption-may signal dysregulated use. The prevalence of this pattern is assessed using data from a free-to-play mobile game with loot boxes, indicating that a sizable proportion of users exhibit NPS inversion. These users report disliking the game yet continue playing, possibly experiencing problems with self-control and compulsion. The study discusses implications of this finding for research and emphasizes applications of such data in in-market systems for early detection and prevention.
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