ArticleTransplantation and cellular therapy2026
Post Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Maintenance Therapy With Low-Dose Azacitidine in a Pediatric Population With High-Risk Myeloid Malignancies.
Article in Transplantation and cellular therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPatients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with high-risk features undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) experience high rates of relapse. Hypomethylating agent azacitidine (AZA) has been explored as post-HCT maintenance therapy at low doses to prevent relapse based on its potential for clinical efficacy and enhancing the graft-versus-leukemia effect.
objectiveTo better understand the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of post-HCT maintenance AZA in a pediatric population with high-risk myeloid malignancies who underwent allogeneic HCT. STUDY
designA retrospective analysis was conducted of 24 pediatric patients (median age 12.4 years) with high-risk myeloid malignancies who received post-HCT AZA at a single institution. Descriptive measures were used to summarize participant characteristics. Point estimates of overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were obtained using the method of Kaplan and Meier. Point estimates of relapse and non-relapse mortality were summarized using cumulative incidence estimates.
resultsAZA began at a median of 81 days post-HCT. The AZA dose ranged between 32-50 mg/m
conclusionsThis is the largest reported pediatric cohort receiving post-HCT prophylaxis with AZA. Our findings suggest AZA is tolerable with limited toxicity post-HCT and can be administered to pediatric patients with myeloid malignancies as maintenance therapy. Outcomes were favorable warranting further study.
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