SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2025
Empirical therapy versus tailored therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection? A systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Comparative effectiveness of genotype-guided and empirical bismuth-containing quadruple therapy forFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe global decline in the efficacy of empirical treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication driven largely by rising antibiotic resistance has prompted increasing interest in tailored therapeutic approaches. Tailored therapy, guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), offers a theoretically superior strategy by enabling selection of effective, resistance-informed regimens. However, the comparative effectiveness of tailored versus empirical therapy remains uncertain across different clinical contexts and geographic regions. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CENTRAL was performed to identify studies published inception to August 2025 that directly compared empirical and AST-guided tailored therapy for H. pylori eradication. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials and observational comparative studies reporting intention-to-treat or per-protocol eradication rates. Study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessments (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) were performed independently by two reviewers.
resultsFifty-five studies comprising approximately 14,940 patients were included. Tailored therapy demonstrated higher eradication rates in 85% of first-line studies, with PCR-guided regimens achieving the most consistent success. In rescue settings, tailored therapy showed variable outcomes, with several studies reporting comparable efficacy to empirical quadruple therapy. Overall, tailored regimens were more effective in high-resistance settings and when guided by timely and accurate AST.
conclusionThe summarized evidence suggests that tailored therapy, guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, often achieves higher H. pylori eradication rates than empirical therapy, especially as a first-line approach. However, the heterogeneity in study design and outcomes necessitates careful consideration when applying these findings. Tailored therapy appears to be a valuable strategy to optimize H. pylori eradication, potentially combating rising antibiotic resistance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.