Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41351275›Full record

ArticleEquine veterinary journal2026

Spatiotemporal patterns in British racing and equestrian sports: Implications for pathogen transmission.

Tegan A McGilvray, Kim B Stevens, Kelsey L Spence, Sarah M Rosanowski, Josh Slater, Jacqueline M Cardwell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Equine veterinary journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Tegan A McGilvrayRoyal Veterinary College, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9761-5874
Kim B StevensRoyal Veterinary College, London, UK.
Kelsey L SpenceRoyal Veterinary College, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3948-8598
Sarah M RosanowskiEquine Veterinary Consultants (EVC) Limited, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-0029
Josh SlaterDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia.
Jacqueline M CardwellRoyal Veterinary College, London, UK.

Funding

Horserace Betting Levy Board SPrj039The Horse Trust G3021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe widespread assumption that there is minimal potential for pathogen transmission between British racehorse and sport horse populations remains unverified by empirical evidence.

objectivesTo characterise spatiotemporal patterns of horse attendance at racing and other sport events in Great Britain in 2018. STUDY

designSpatiotemporal analysis.

methodsPublicly available data from British Horseracing Authority, British Dressage, British Eventing, Endurance GB, and British Showjumping events in Great Britain during 2018 were analysed. Horse attendance was summarised by discipline, month, and season. Venue density was mapped with kernel density estimation. Sport venues within 5 km of racecourses with horse attendance within 24 h of racing were identified and Kulldorff's spatial scan statistic was used to detect significant time-space clustering of venue use.

resultsExcluding showjumpers, 49,012 horses competed in 8314 events across 598 venues during 2018, generating over 400,000 horse-venue attendances. Most horses (97.2%; n = 47,635/49,012) competed in a single discipline. Venue attendances peaked in summer and were concentrated in southeast England. There were five significant space-time clusters of venue-events within 5 km and 24 h of each other involving 5 racecourses and 8 sport venues. The most likely cluster was in the southeast of England, between January and July, with a relative risk of 62.54. MAIN LIMITATIONS: Inconsistent horse identification precluded horse-level analysis of showjumping data.

conclusionsRacehorse and sport horse populations competing in Great Britain are largely separate, but limited opportunities for local or indirect pathogen spread do exist during peak seasons in areas with high venue density.

Indexed as

Horse DiseasesSportsAnimalsHorsesSeasonsSpatio-Temporal AnalysisUnited Kingdomequestrian eventhorseinfectious diseaseracehorsespatialsport

Identifiers

PMID41351275
PMCPMC12892370

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.