Association of ABO Blood Groups with Osteoporotic Hip Fracture Susceptibility in Chinese Adults.

Osteoporotic hip fracture (OHF) is an increasing public health problem in the elderly. Although risk factors for osteoporotic fractures are well-established, the potential role of ABO blood type remains underexplored. Despite evidence linking blood groups to various diseases, there is limited data on their association with osteoporotic fractures. This study aims to investigate the association between ABO blood groups and susceptibility to osteoporotic hip fracture in Northern China, and to determine whether blood type is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of osteoporotic hip fractures. We conducted a case–control study at The Second Hospital of Tangshan, analyzing patients who were admitted between 2014 and 2023. The study comprised 632 patients with osteoporotic hip fracture and 1925 non-osteoporotic controls. After collecting ABO blood types, clinical data, and demographic information, propensity score matching was applied to balance baseline characteristics. Conditional logistic regression models (univariate/multivariate-adjusted) revealed that, compared to blood type O, type A (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.07–2.31) and type AB (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.13–3.41) were associated with an increased risk of OHF, while type B showed no significant association (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.71–1.5). Our data indicate that blood types A and AB are independent risk factors for osteoporotic hip fracture. In clinical practice, it is essential to enhance clinical attention to these high-risk blood groups and implement targeted health education initiatives.