ArticleScientific reports2025
Indian summer monsoon variability from 184 to 25 ka inferred from sedimentary magnetic properties in Heqing Basin, Southwest China.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is a major component of the Asian monsoon system, and exerts a critical influence on regional climate variability. However, continuous, high-resolution paleoclimate records spanning a full glacial-interglacial cycle remain limited, constraining our understanding of the ISM dynamics across different timescales. In this study, we reconstruct ISM variability from 184 - 25 ka using geochemical and environmental magnetic proxies from a lacustrine sediment core in the Heqing Basin, Southwest China. Rock magnetic results indicate that higher concentration-dependent magnetic parameters (χ, ARM, SIRM) occur during weaker monsoon (drier) phases, whereas lower values reflect stronger monsoon (wetter) phases. The proxy records reveal a pronounced dry-wet cycle throughout 184 - 25 ka: Phase I (184 - 131 ka) featured relatively weak ISM intensity and drier conditions; Phase II (131 - 69 ka) saw an overall increase in ISM intensity accompanied by higher rainfall; Phase III (69 - 57 ka) reverted to arid conditions; Phase IV (57 - 25 ka) exhibited a generally wetter climate, though punctuated by frequent major drought events. On glacial-interglacial timescales, ISM variability was primarily paced by Northern Hemisphere summer insolation (NHSI). On millennial timescales, the ISM weakened during ~ 57 - 25 ka (Phase IV, MIS 3). Weak ISM, as indicated by proxies in the PT2 core, showed consistent variations with Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) weakening, as indicated by ²³¹Pa/²³⁰Th, and with low-latitude monsoon circulation. This pattern suggests that the region was jointly controlled by high-latitude boundary conditions and tropical ocean-atmosphere coupling processes. Therefore, variations in the ISM across different timescales are driven by multiple factors rather than solely by solar radiation.
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