Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41350529›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Thermo-reversible gelation of self-assembled conducting polymer colloids.

Vidhika S Damani, Xinran Xie, Rachel E Daso, Khushboo Suman, Masoud Ghasemi, Weiran Xie, Ruiheng Wu, Yuhang Wu, Calvin L Chao, Julian E Alberto and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Vidhika S DamaniDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-3228-4194
Xinran XieDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Rachel E DasoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Khushboo SumanDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2342-5744
Masoud GhasemiDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6597-5050
Weiran XieDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-2411
Ruiheng WuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2666-6110
Yuhang WuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Calvin L ChaoDepartment of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-3351
Julian E AlbertoDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Casey M LorchDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Ai-Nin YangDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Dan My NguyenDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Tulaja ShresthaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Kayla OteroDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8511-5629
Chun-Yuan LoDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Darrin J PochanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0454-2339
Enrique D GomezDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-4480
Jonathan RivnayDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0602-6485
Laure V KayserDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. lkayser@udel.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7143-2677

Funding

X-ray Scattering Technology CoreP30GM133893 · NIGMS · BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOC-BROOKHAVEN LAB · PI Sean McSweeney · 2019 to 2026
$38.6M
Vascular Surgery Scientist Training ProgramT32HL094293 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI ESKANDARI, MARK K · 2009 to 2023
$4.0M
Regenerative Engineering Training Program (RE-Training)T32EB031527 · NIBIB · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI Guillermo Antonio Ameer · 2021 to 2026
$1.3M
Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000997DOE | Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy - U.S. Department of Energy) DE-SC0012704National Science Foundation (NSF) DMR-2237888, DMR-2011824, DMR-1905550, CHE-0421224, CHE-1428149,NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL094293NIBIB NIH HHS T32 EB031527NIGMS NIH HHS P30 GM133893United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (ARO) W911NF-23-2-0138U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Center for Information Technology (Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health) 5T32EB031527-04, P30GM133893,
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Electrically conductive hydrogels based on conducting polymers have found increased use in bioelectronics due to their low moduli that mimic biological tissues, their ability to transport both ionic and electronic charges, and their ease of processing in various form factors via printing or injection. Current approaches towards conductive hydrogels, however, rely on covalent and therefore irreversible crosslinking mechanisms. Here, we report a thermo-responsive conducting polymer (TR-CP) that undergoes a fully reversible non-covalent crosslinking at 35 °C within less than a minute to form conductive hydrogels. The TR-CP is based on a block polyelectrolyte complex, that self-assembles into well-defined colloidal particles in water which undergo an isovolumetric sol-gel transition just below physiological temperature. The hydrogels have tunable mechanical properties in the 20 to 200 Pa range, are stable at various pH and salt conditions, self-healing, injectable, and biocompatible in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that the TR-CPs can be used to fabricate sensitive, conformal and reusable electrodes for surface electromyography. This thermo-responsive material provides exciting opportunities for stimuli-responsive and adaptive bioelectronics.

Identifiers

PMID41350529
PMCPMC12680621

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.