SynthesisSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2025
Clinical presentation of the accessory soleus muscle: a quantitative systematic review.
Synthesis in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Calf Injuries: An Anatomy-Based Approach to Diagnosis, Management and Return to Sport.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe accessory soleus muscle (ASM) is a rare anatomical variant and the most common accessory muscle in the leg/ankle region. Though asymptomatic in most cases, ASM could exhibit clinical manifestations leading to medical consultation. Since no evidence-based synthesis has been conducted yet, this review aims to collate pooled quantitative data on the clinical presentation and management of ASM.
methodsThe electronic databases of Medline and Embase were searched from inception, met the inclusion criteria. Only clinical cases of symptomatic ASM were included. Clinical and cadaveric incidental findings of ASM were excluded.
resultsForty-one articles met the inclusion criteria, comprising 134 ASM in 122 patients. The clinical presentation of the ASM was as follows: exertional pain (60%), posteromedial ankle swelling (59%), foot numbness/dysesthesia (5.2%), soft non-tender mass (30%), a tender mass in 9%, a soft mass that becomes hard on plantarflexion (44%), and positive Tinnel's sign (11.2%). The diagnostic modalities used were: x-rays (62.7%), MRI (52.2%), CT scan (24.6%), ultrasound (12.7%) and EMG studies (13.4%). Out of 128 treated cases, conservative management was used in 36.7%, and surgery in 50% of cases including fasciotomy in 22.6%, excision in 20.3%, posterior tibial nerve decompression in 7.8%, and a combined procedure in 1.7%. Regardless of the treatment modality, all surgical patients were satisfied.
conclusionsThe findings of this review would help clinicians to better recognize, diagnose and treat the rare condition of a symptomatic accessory soleus muscle.
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Identifiers
41350425What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
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