Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41350349›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Sex, early life adversity, and negative self-evaluation shape the association between negative life events and depressive symptoms in adolescence.

Kate Ryan Kuhlman, Elizabeth E Antici, Haley Dveirin, Mai-Lan M Tran, Natalie A Hall, Paul Delacruz, Julienne E Bower

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kate Ryan KuhlmanDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Ecology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. krkuhl@uci.edu.
Elizabeth E AnticiDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Ecology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Haley DveirinDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Ecology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Mai-Lan M TranDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Ecology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Natalie A HallDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Ecology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Paul DelacruzDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Ecology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Julienne E BowerCousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90097, USA.

Funding

University of California Health Participation in the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)UL1TR001414 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI COOPER, DAN M, VILAIN, ERIC J. · 2015 to 2023
$35.1M
Behavioral and inflammatory responses to stress: Implications for depression in youth exposed to adversityK08MH112773 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI KUHLMAN, KATE RYAN · 2017 to 2021
$862k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001414NIMH NIH HHS K08 MH112773NIMH NIH HHS K08MH112773
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adolescent depression is an increasing public health concern. Recent experiences of negative events are associated with an increase in depressive symptoms and onset of major depression, but how factors such as sex and early life adversity (ELA) influence this association remains unclear. Data included 388 observations comprised of self-reported negative events and depressive symptoms measured every 4 months across a 12-month period by 97 adolescents oversampled for ELA and aged 11-17 (46.4% female). Higher between-person averages in negative events were associated with greater total depressive symptoms, specifically dysphoric mood and somatic complaints. Within-person variability in negative events was not associated with total depressive symptoms or any symptom subscales. Females with higher between-person negative events reported larger increases in negative self-evaluation symptoms than males. Among adolescents with high ELA exposure, higher between-person negative events were associated with more total depressive symptoms and increasing symptoms over time. The present data supported the well-established association between negative events and depressive symptoms, particularly negative self-evaluation symptoms and among females. Data support efforts to prevent depression among ELA-exposed adolescents regardless of ongoing stress exposure as well as sex-specific symptom targets that may mitigate risk.

Indexed as

Adverse Childhood ExperiencesDepressionLife Change EventsAdolescentChildFemaleHumansMaleSelf-AssessmentSelf ReportSex FactorsStress, PsychologicalAdolescenceDepressionEarly life adversitySex differencesStress

Identifiers

PMID41350349
PMCPMC12764863

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.