SynthesisNature communications2025
Worldwide trends in metabolic syndrome from 2000 to 2023: a systematic review and modelling analysis.
Synthesis in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Application of Large Language Models in Chronic Disease Care: Mixed Methods Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Meta-Analysis: Redefining Liver Disease Risk in Heterozygous Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- Comprehensive Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among primary and secondary school teachers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Associations of metabolic score for insulin resistance with type 2 diabetes, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Association of priori dietary patterns with metabolic syndrome and its components: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Worldwide trends in metabolic syndrome from 2000 to 2023: a systematic review and modelling analysis.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Dietetic Counseling Combined With Digital Tools on Obesity-Related Indices in Greek Adults: The GATEKEEPER Study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Trial
- Community-Based Non-Pharmacological Intervention for Metabolic Syndrome in Chile: A Comparative Reanalysis of an Integrated Exercise and Health Education Program.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Trial
- Longitudinal association of dietary spermidine with hepatic function indexes and cardiometabolic traits in older adults with metabolic syndrome.European journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- APOSCREEN-1 - a prospective, single-arm clinical trial for the implementation of a pharmacy-based screening for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic risk factors in Schleswig-Holstein.BMC nephrology · 2026Trial
- Artemisinin and its derivatives for metabolic syndrome: From multi‑target mechanisms to translational opportunities (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Leg fat-to-total fat ratio improves waist-to-height ratio for discriminating metabolic syndrome: a nationwide cross-sectional study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Camel Milk and Its Bioactive Components in Diseases Associated with Aging: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Deep learning aging marker from retinal images unveils sex-specific clinical and genetic signatures.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Comparative efficacy of various exercise therapies for metabolic syndrome a systematic review and network meta-analysis.iScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Assessing the reliability and validity for metabolic syndrome diagnosis using point-of-care analyzers in a mobile setup - a pilot study.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- HMGB1 aggravates neuronal ferroptosis and microglial inflammation in metabolic syndrome-associated cognitive impairment via the NRF2-autophagic flux axis.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of conditions including abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, and abnormal blood sugar and lipid levels, is a growing global health concern, yet its global burden remains poorly characterized. Here we show trends in MetS prevalence from 2000 to 2023, based on a systematic review and Bayesian modelling of 3236 data points with 45,549,151 adults. Between 2000 and 2023, prevalence rose from 14.7% (13.1-16.7) to 31.0% (28.5-33.9) among women, and from 9.0% (6.9-12.1) to 25.7% (21.5-31.1) among men. In 2023, an estimated 1.54 billion adults (1.35-1.76) had MetS globally: 846 million (776-924) women and 692 million (579-837) men. Prevalence increased with age, urbanicity, and income level, ranging from 7.5% to 45.0% among women and 6.5% to 59.6% among men across regions. Among both women and men, prevalence increased in 196 countries and territories. These findings call for targeted interventions to address the rising global burden.
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