ReviewOncogenesis2025
CD9, a tetraspanin in cancer: biology and therapeutic promise in acute leukemia.
Review in Oncogenesis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular vesicles for next-gen therapeutics and drug delivery.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Cell Surface Deazaflavin-Diazirine Energy-Transfer (DarT) Photoproximity Labeling Using Antibody Conjugates.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2026Article
- Dynamic expression of CD9 protein in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Article
- 80 years of extracellular vesicles: from discovery to clinical translation.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tetraspanins are transmembrane proteins that organize into functional structures known as tetraspanin-enriched microdomains, where they coordinate interactions with key partner proteins and modulate cellular processes such as adhesion, signaling, and motility. Among them, CD9 is a widely expressed member, also recognized as a classical marker of exosomes. Beyond its role in development and tissue homeostasis, CD9 has emerged as a modulator of the crosstalk between cancer cells and their microenvironment. It can contribute to processes such as cell migration, invasion, and resistance to therapy. Mechanistically, CD9 interacts with many partners including integrins, metalloproteinases, and signaling receptors to influence cell behavior. However, its functional contribution to tumor progression remains controversial. While CD9 expression is associated with enhanced dissemination in certain cancers, it appears to restrain motility and invasion in others. This likely reflects the complexity of its context-dependent functions, influenced by cell type, microenvironmental cues, and molecular partners. A deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms is therefore essential. In this review, we overview the tetraspanin family and summarize current knowledge on CD9 regulation and function across cancers, with a focus on leukemia. While its role in tumorigenesis remains debated, CD9 is a reliable biomarker of leukemic cells and can be used for diagnosis and MRD monitoring in acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemia, particularly in patients lacking molecular markers. We also discuss emerging therapeutic strategies that aim to target CD9 in cancer. CD9 gene regulation in cancer, and biological implication in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Created with BioRender.com.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.