ArticlePloS one2025
Availability and readiness of health facilities for non-communicable disease services in Ethiopia: Evidence from the nationally representative health facility survey 2022.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The readiness of primary healthcare facilities to address non-communicable diseases in rural Bangladesh.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Policy, Financing, and Regulatory Barriers to Adopting AI-Powered Electrocardiography Interpretation Clinical Decision Support System in Ethiopia: A Qualitative Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn response to the escalating non-communicable disease (NCD) challenge, effective management of NCDs requires sustained investments in infrastructure, trained health workforce, and the consistent availability of guidelines. Therefore, this study assessed both the availability and readiness of health facilities (HFs) to provide NCD-related services, while also examining how facility characteristics and health system factors are associated with service readiness.
methodsWe analysed data from the nationally representative Ethiopia Service Provision Assessment (ESPA) survey 2021-22 to determine the availability and readiness of HFs for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) and mental, neurological and substance (MNS) use disorders-related services using the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment manual. Readiness score was measured as the average availability of tracer items in percent, and HFs were considered 'ready' for NCDs management if they scored ≥70 (out of 100). We performed weighted multivariable logistic regression to identify factors affecting NCD service readiness.
resultsApproximately 93% reported offering services for diabetes, CVDs, and CRDs, while only 26% provided MH services. Overall service readiness remains critically low when applying the 70% readiness threshold. Only 15.68% of facilities were deemed ready for diabetes, 10.64% for CVDs, 3.14% for CRDs, and 11.52% for MNS use disorders-related services. Public facilities demonstrated significantly higher preparedness than private facilities. A number of factors have been associated with better service readiness, including the location of the facility, the level of the facility, having a quality control unit, conducting regular administrative meetings and receiving external supervision.
conclusionsThis study reveals that overall service readiness for NCDs remains significantly low across HFs in Ethiopia. Public facilities and facilities located in urban settings demonstrated significantly higher levels of service readiness, highlighting substantial disparities in resource availability, integration with national health programs, and access to support systems. These findings underscore the need for Ethiopia's health system to move beyond service availability and focus on enhancing the preparedness of care delivery, with particular emphasis on equity and integration.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.