ArticleTechnology in cancer research & treatment
Interleukin-1β Secretion by Macrophages in Patients with Colorectal Cancer in Relation to the Clinicopathological Characteristics of the Disease.
Article in Technology in cancer research & treatment. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy characterized by strong associations with chronic inflammation. While tumor-infiltrating immune responses have been extensively studied, systemic alterations in innate immune cells, particularly monocytes and macrophages, remain underexplored. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a pivotal role in both systemic inflammation and tumor microenvironment modulation. This study aimed to evaluate IL-1β secretion by monocyte-derived macrophages from CRC patients and assess its association with clinicopathological features.MethodsPeripheral blood monocytes were isolated from 20 CRC patients and differentiated into macrophages in vitro using M-CSF. Macrophages were then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) under three conditions: single stimulation, repeated stimulation, and no stimulation. IL-1β concentrations in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. Patients were stratified by tumor grade and stage, and non-parametric statistical tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis) were used to assess differences in cytokine secretion across groups.ResultsMacrophage IL-1β secretion was significantly higher in patients with tumors extending beyond the muscularis propria compared to those with intact muscularis propria (median 30.33 vs 15.39 pg/mL, p = 0.0381). Patients with stage IV CRC exhibited a markedly greater fold increase in IL-1β secretion after LPS stimulation than those with stage I (9.08-fold vs 1.63-fold, p = 0.023). Although differences by tumor grade did not reach statistical significance, a trend toward increased IL-1β secretion was observed in higher-grade tumors.ConclusionSystemic IL-1β secretion by monocyte-derived macrophages is enhanced in CRC patients with advanced disease, suggesting tumor-driven reprogramming of innate immune responses. These findings support IL-1β as a potential biomarker of tumor progression and a candidate target for immunomodulatory strategies in CRC. Given the modest sample size (n = 20) and the ex vivo design, our conclusions are preliminary and hypothesis-generating. Validation in an independent, larger cohort is warranted.
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