ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2026
Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs in patients with fulminant herpes simplex virus hepatitis.
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Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence of neutralizing autoantibodies against type I interferon in dengue patients.Journal of human immunity · 2026Article
- High risk of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in myasthenia gravis patients with type I IFN autoantibodies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Herpes Simplex Virus Hepatitis: An Overlooked Cause of Acute Liver Failure Across a Broad Spectrum of Immunocompromise.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Review
- Toward a monogenic architecture of human infections: From 1996 to 2026.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs in 40% of patients with WNV encephalitis in seven new cohorts.Journal of human immunity · 2026Article
- High risk of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in myasthenia gravis patients with type I IFN autoantibodies.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Human interferon-ω: an underappreciated type I interferon.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Genetic and autoimmune predispositions to fulminant viral hepatitis in children.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Auto-antibodies neutralizing type I interferons in ~10% of Moroccan patients with life-threatening COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
36 authors.
Adrian GervaisLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-1083-5787
Astrid MarchalLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0003-0648-8126
Soraya BoucheritLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-8819-7594
Anthony Abi HaidarLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0009-0001-8555-7988
Lucy BizienLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0001-9163-9122
Ahmet YalcinkayaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-1172-3330
Ella SandströmDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID 0009-0002-6659-1053
Xiao-Fei KongDivision of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9983-2373
Emmanuel JacqueminPediatric Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, National Reference Center for Inflammatory Diseases of the Bile Ducts and Autoimmune Hepatitis, FILFOIE, ERN RARE LIVER, Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France and Inserm UMR_S 1193, University Paris-Saclay , Orsay, France.ORCID 0000-0002-7536-6272
Olivier BernardPediatric Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, National Reference Center for Inflammatory Diseases of the Bile Ducts and Autoimmune Hepatitis, FILFOIE, ERN RARE LIVER, Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France and Inserm UMR_S 1193, University Paris-Saclay , Orsay, France.
Dominique DebrayPediatric Liver Unit, National Competence Centre for Inflammatory Diseases of the Bile Ducts and Autoimmune Hepatitis, FILFOIE, ERN RARE LIVER, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, University of Paris , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-0345-963X
Florence LacailleDepartment of Pediatric Gastroenterology-Nutrition and Pediatric Liver Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, University of Paris, Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-5272-4970
Philippe IchaiLiver Intensive Care Unit, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm Research Unit 1193 , Villejuif, France.ORCID 0000-0001-6182-4802
Cigdem ArikanKoc University School of Medicine, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Organ Transplantation and Research Center, Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) , Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0002-0794-2741
Etienne JavouheyPediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon , Lyon, France.ORCID 0000-0002-6480-0758
Bertrand RoquelaureMultidisciplinary Pediatrics Department, Timone Enfants Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.ORCID 0009-0003-3366-2334
Frédéric GottrandPediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France.ORCID 0000-0002-5290-0436
Francesca TrespidiHost-Pathogen Group and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital , Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0009-0007-7206-6796
Veronica CodulloDivision of Rheumatology, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2557-8514
Lorenzo CavagnaDivision of Rheumatology, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3292-1528
Nicolas SchleinitzInternal Medicine Department, La Timone AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.ORCID 0000-0001-9449-3392
Mohamed BousfihaPediatric Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology Department, Children's Hospital, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco.ORCID 0009-0002-3099-1127
Naima AmenzouiPediatric Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology Department, Children's Hospital, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco.ORCID 0009-0001-5904-9912
Ahmed Aziz BousfihaPediatric Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology Department, Children's Hospital, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco.ORCID 0000-0002-5011-9873
Sofie E JørgensenDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-2700-0882
Nanna MørkDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-9678-9728
Trine H MogensenDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-1853-9704
Paul BastardLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-5926-8437
Anne PuelLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0003-2603-0323
Alessandro BorghesiHost-Pathogen Group and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital , Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8773-9144
Jody A RuleDivision of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4019-372X
William M LeeDivision of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2783-5441
Nils LandegrenDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-6163-9540
Aurélie Cobat *Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0001-7209-6257
Jean-Laurent Casanova *Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-7782-4169
Emmanuelle Jouanguy *Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children , Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-7358-9157
Funding
A Multi-Center Study of Acute Liver Failure in AdultsU01DK058369 · NIDDK · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI DURKALSKI, VALERIE L, FONTANA, ROBERT J · 2005 to 2019
$27.4MA MULTI-CENTER THERAPY TRIAL FOR ACUTE LIVER FAILURER01DK058369 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SW MED CTR/DALLAS · PI LEE, WILLIAM M · 2000 to 2004
$4.2MA genetic and immunological investigation of JAK-STAT in the pathogenesis of Celiac DiseaseK08DK128631 · NIDDK · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI KONG, XIAO-FEI · 2021 to 2025
$827kAgence Nationale de la Recherche ANR-10-IAHU-01Agence Nationale de la Recherche ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEIDANR GENVIR ANR-20-CE93-003ANR GENVIR ANR-22-CE15-0046ANR-RHU ANR-21-RHUS-0008Battersea & Bowery Advisory GroupBettencourt Schueller FoundationFondation du SouffleFrench Foundation for Medical Research EQU202503020018General Atlantic FoundationGrandir - Fonds de solidarité pour l'enfanceHORIZON-HLTH-2021-DISEASE-04 101057100Howard Hughes Medical InstituteImagine InstituteInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleItalian Ministry of Health RC08061819Italian Ministry of Health RC08061822Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and InnovationNational Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases R-01-DK-58369National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases U-01-DK-58369NCATS NIH HHSNIDDK NIH HHS K08 DK128631NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK058369NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK058369Paris Cité UniversityREACTing-INSERMSan Matteo Hospital 08061821SCOR Corporate Foundation for ScienceSquare FoundationSt. Giles FoundationSwedish Research Council 2021-03118The Rockefeller University
Abstract
Fulminant viral hepatitis (FVH) is a devastating condition caused by hepatotropic viruses such as hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and HSV-1/2. We studied 149 FVH patients (73 males and 76 females, aged 1-76) for blood autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs; IFN-α2, -β, -ω). Six of 16 (37.5%) HSV-triggered FVH patients carried such auto-Abs on admission, including three with a previously known autoimmune disease. These patients contrasted with 133 HAV- (n = 46) or HBV-triggered (n = 87) patients, none of whom had such detectable auto-Abs. Odds ratios for HSV-triggered FVH in individuals with auto-Abs ranged from 35.3 (95% CI: 13.0-96.2; P < 10-7) for those neutralizing only 100 pg/ml IFN-α/ω to 1,895 (CI: 448.5-8,002; P < 10-12) for those neutralizing both IFN-α and IFN-ω at 10 ng/ml. Over one third of HSV-triggered FVH cases in this international cohort were due to preexisting auto-Abs. This finding highlights auto-Abs against type I IFNs as a major determinant of HSV-FVH and paves the way for targeted preventive or therapeutic interventions.
Indexed as
Antibodies, NeutralizingAutoantibodiesHepatitis, Viral, HumanHerpes SimplexInterferon Type ISimplexvirusAdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHerpesvirus 1, HumanHumansInfantMaleAntibodies, NeutralizingAutoantibodiesInterferon Type I
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