ReviewHematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program2025
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: do we have a solution for TMI (too much inflammation)?
Review in Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Influenza as a Less Commonly Recognized Cause of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series.European journal of haematology · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic value of combined flow cytometry-based detection of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and cytokines for pediatric infectious mononucleosis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Ruxolitinib combined with corticosteroids for the successful treatment of kawasaki disease-associated macrophage activation syndrome: a case report.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and the related HLH-spectrum disorders macrophage activation syndrome, macrophage activation-like syndrome, and treatment-associated immune-effector-cell-associated HLH-like syndrome are extreme forms of too much inflammation (TMI). Adult patients with HLH associated with hematologic malignancies have a 70% to 80% mortality rate due to delayed diagnosis, prolonged immunosuppression with associated secondary infections, and disease recurrence. In recent years, educational efforts and epidemiological evolution have increased diagnostic awareness. This has been catalyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the first approved anti-interferon gamma antibody for primary relapsed/refractory HLH, advancements in the treatment of posttransplant graft-versus-host disease, and the broad availability of T-cell-engaging therapeutics. These truly challenging-to-diagnose entities under the cytokine storm umbrella confer TMI, causing multiorgan dysfunction and early death. Novel prognostic models, differential diagnosis with the help of advanced diagnostic algorithms, preemptive therapeutic interventions, and more individualized cytokine-directed treatment options have moved this previously neglected area in adult hematology to the forefront of the hematologist's daily practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.