Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41347674›Full record

ArticleEpilepsia2026

Pseudoaneurysms as a complication of stereoelectroencephalography: Case series and clinical recommendations.

Youssra El Khou, Rick H G J van Lanen, G Louis Wagner, Simon Tousseyn, Gwendolyn de Bruyn, Christianne M C Hoeberigs, Bart A J M Wagemans, Christiaan van der Leij, Sylvia Klinkenberg, Jeske Nelissen and 5 more

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Epilepsia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Youssra El KhouFaculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4771-3226
Rick H G J van LanenDepartment of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-9127
G Louis WagnerAcademic Center for Epileptology, Kempenhaeghe/Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9134-3011
Simon TousseynMental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4139-0909
Gwendolyn de BruynAcademic Center for Epileptology, Kempenhaeghe/Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Christianne M C HoeberigsAcademic Center for Epileptology, Kempenhaeghe/Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4274-170X
Bart A J M WagemansDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-1592
Christiaan van der LeijDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-1012
Sylvia KlinkenbergMental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2870-0768
Jeske NelissenDepartment of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1510-461X
Pieter L KubbenDepartment of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8059-523X
Olaf E M G SchijnsDepartment of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8295-0728
Jim T A DingsDepartment of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Kim RijkersDepartment of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3348-158X
ACE Epilepsy Surgery group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveStereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) is commonly employed in the workup for epilepsy surgery in patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Intracranial hemorrhage is a known complication, with reported incidence rates ranging from .9% to 19.1%. Rarely, pseudoaneurysms have been reported in literature as a potential cause. This retrospective cohort study aims to describe the occurrence, clinical characteristics, and management of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms following sEEG and the clinical outcome of the described cases.

methodsA cohort of 395 patients (4067 depth electrodes) with DRE who underwent sEEG was retrospectively analyzed. The identified patients with pseudoaneurysms were analyzed in detail, focusing on timing of detection and location of the aneurysms, clinical characteristics, management strategies, and clinical outcome.

resultsA symptomatic iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm was identified in six of 395 cases (1.5%), with a per-electrode risk of .15% (6/4067); all occurred at the M2/M3 branches of the middle cerebral artery. All six cases presented with intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Aneurysms were detected with combined cerebral computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and treated without complications by surgical clipping or endovascular embolization. The depth electrode implantation and planned sEEG recording had to be either prematurely discontinued or canceled in four of six cases. No patients died; five experienced neurological symptoms and required prolonged hospitalization, with four needing additional rehabilitation. SIGNIFICANCE: Pseudoaneurysms following sEEG represent a serious complication with significant clinical consequences and warrant early detection and intervention. Occurrence is underreported in literature. It is recommended to use CTA and DSA when a pseudoaneurysm is suspected, particularly in cases of intraparenchymal or subarachnoid hemorrhage, and especially when depth electrodes are in close proximity to a blood vessel.

Indexed as

Aneurysm, FalseDrug Resistant EpilepsyElectroencephalographyIntracranial AneurysmStereotaxic TechniquesAdolescentAdultAngiography, Digital SubtractionCohort StudiesElectrodes, ImplantedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesYoung Adultcomplicationepilepsyepilepsy surgerystereo‐EEG

Identifiers

PMID41347674
PMCPMC13007834

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.