ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2025
Complement system activation in wild boar (
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Development of vaccines to preserve and improve human and animal health requires effective protective antigens, delivery platforms, and adjuvants. The immunostimulant based on heat-inactivated Methods: In this study, a serum proteomics approach was used with functional annotations and enrichment network analysis for the characterization of immune pathways and biomarkers associated with parenteral administration of one, two, or three IV doses in the wild boar ( Results: The proteomics analysis identified a total of 205 proteins, of which 97 displayed significant differential representation with 64 and 33 over (e.g., C4a, C5, C6, C7, and C9) and underrepresented (e.g., C3), respectively, in response to treatment. Results showed that IV administration activated both innate and adaptive immune responses through humoral immunity, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton pathway, coagulation cascade, and complement system. A single or two doses of IV significantly increased the activities of the classical, alternative, and lectin complement pathways. Moreover, a tendency was observed towards reducing seroprevalence in IV-treated wild boar over time for the causative agents of tuberculosis ( Discussion: These results support a role for IV in stimulating immune and anti-inflammatory responses with possible application in different vaccine formulations for the control of infectious diseases.
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