Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41346578›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025

Dendritic cell maturation assay for non-clinical immunogenicity risk assessment: best practices recommended by the European Immunogenicity Platform.

Chloé Ackaert, Bruno Gonzalez-Nolasco, Marc Rosenbaum, Mercedes Perez-Olivares, Michael Gutknecht, Axel Ducret, Anette Christine Karle

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Chloé AckaertIQVIA Laboratories, In vitro Immunology (ImmunXperts SA), Gosselies, Belgium.
Bruno Gonzalez-NolascoLonza: Early Development Services, Lonza Biologics Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States.
Marc RosenbaumSandoz: Clinical Bioanalytics, Global Clinical Development, Hexal AG (a Sandoz company), Holzkirchen, Germany.
Mercedes Perez-OlivaresAbzena: Bioassay Department, Abzena Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Michael GutknechtNovartis: Immunogenicity and Mechanistic Immunology, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
Axel DucretRoche: Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Anette Christine KarleNovartis: Immunogenicity and Mechanistic Immunology, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Early assessment and mitigation of non-clinical immunogenicity risk during early drug development is key for the development of safe and efficacious therapeutics. The dendritic cell (DC) maturation assay, one of the non-clinical immunogenicity risk assessment tools used in the drug development pipeline, investigates the ability of a test article to induce the maturation of immature monocyte-derived DCs, serving as an indicator of factors that may initiate an innate immune response and contribute to an adaptive immune response. These factors can be either intrinsic to the therapeutic's mechanism of action and structure, or extrinsic from the final drug product, such as formulation components or contamination with host cell proteins or other impurities. Due to the nature of the assay, key parameters such as cell source, cell culture conditions, reagents, and assay-specific defined criteria for baseline response and positivity can differ amongst laboratories. In this manuscript, the specifics of this assay are discussed, key quality criteria for robustness are described, and the selection of appropriate controls to enable meaningful data interpretation are presented. The aim of conducting the DC maturation assay using best practices is to improve the assay to be fit-for-purpose and to facilitate comparability across projects and between laboratories.

Indexed as

Cell DifferentiationDendritic CellsAnimalsDrug DevelopmentDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalEuropeHumansRisk Assessmentadjuvanticitydendritic cellsimmunogenicityinnate immunitymaturation assayrisk assessment

Identifiers

PMID41346578
PMCPMC12672346

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.