ArticleFrontiers in aging neuroscience2025
Vitamin D-linked vulnerability and functional connectivity alterations in the superior frontal gyrus contributing to cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.
Article in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Background and aims: Forecasting specific factors influencing cognitive impairment (CI) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients can improve clinical outcomes. This study aims to identify brain areas vulnerable to vitamin D deficiency and assess functional integrity in PD patients with and without CI. Methods: Thirty-four PD patients [14 with CI (PD-CI), 20 with normal cognition (PD-NC)] and 21 healthy controls (HCs) underwent serum vitamin D testing, T1-weighted MRI, and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to compare gray matter volume (GMV) between PD patients and HCs. Whole-brain multiple regression analyses, adjusted for age and sex, identified GMV regions associated with vitamin D levels. Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) analyses were performed using vitamin D-related regions as seeds. Correlation and multivariate regression analyses, adjusted for Hoehn and Yahr stage and age, assessed relationships among FC, cognitive performance, and vitamin D levels. Results: Compared with HCs, PD patients exhibited significant GMV loss, affecting widespread brain regions including the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and hippocampus. Region of interest (ROI)-based analysis revealed that vitamin D levels were associated with GMV in the bilateral MFG and SFG ( Conclusion: The SFG is associated with vitamin D levels in PD patients, and disruptions in its structural and functional connectivity may link to CI. Future longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm these associations and explore the potential impact of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive function in PD.
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