ArticleEuropean journal of oral sciences2026
Effect of metformin on inflammation and bone damage in a rat model of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.
Article in European journal of oral sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Effect of metformin on inflammation and bone damage in a rat model of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.European journal of oral sciences · 2026Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
This study investigated how chronic metformin administration modulates the cellular profile and inflammatory markers in a zoledronic acid-based rat model of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Male Wistar rats were allocated to different treatments: (i) naïve, (ii) MRONJ (zoledronic acid, 0.2 mg/kg, i.v. on days 0, 7, 14, and 49), or (iii) MRONJ + metformin (250 mg/kg, by gavage, daily for 70 days). All rats had the inferior first molar extracted on day 42. Mandibular arches were harvested for analyzing their gums on day 70. Additionally, RAW 264.7 cells were incubated with zoledronic acid or metformin for cell viability tests and analysis of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production. MRONJ was characterized by increased numbers of empty osteocyte lacunae, osteoclasts, and apoptotic osteoclasts, and by high expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and F4/80 (a macrophage marker). Zoledronic acid-incubated RAW 264.7 macrophages showed increased IL-1β expression. Metformin reduced the number of empty bone lacunae, apoptotic osteoclasts, leukocyte infiltrate, and F4/80 positive cells in the alveolar bone. It increased TRAP expression levels without altering the number of osteoclasts. Metformin also reduced the myeloperoxidase activity and decreased IL-1β levels in vitro. In conclusion, metformin reduced the severity of MRONJ by mitigating the inflammatory response.
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