ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Biological characteristics of an enterovirus A71 subgroup C4 strain isolated in China.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a widespread infectious disease primarily affecting infants and young children. Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) comprises eight genogroups, among which subgroup C4 is the dominant viral agent in China and is frequently associated with HFMD and central nervous system infections. The genetic characteristics of an EV-A71 subgroup C4 strain obtained in this study were analyzed using whole-genome sequencing. Its biological characteristics, including infectivity, replication, and cytotoxicity, were investigated in human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells.
methodsA clinical EV-A71 C4 subgourp GD10 strain isolated in China was examined to evaluate its genetic and biological features. Its relationships with strains listed in GenBank were evaluated using phylogenetic analysis. Viral infectivity and replication were assessed in RD and Vero cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and ATP levels. Effects on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity were investigated in vitro by assessing transendothelial electrical resistance and viral load across the barrier.
resultsSequence analysis confirmed that GD10 belonged to subgroup C4 and closely resembled strains from China. GD10 infection induced a pronounced cytopathic effect and elevated viral RNA levels in RD cells but not in Vero cells. The infection time-dependently increased LDH release and reduced ATP levels. GD10 compromised BBB integrity and crossed the cellular barrier in vitro.
conclusionThe GD10 strain demonstrated strong adaptability to RD cells and impaired BBB function. Our results improve the understanding of virus-host interactions and may support efforts towards EV-A71 vaccine development. CLINICAL TRIAL: Not applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.