Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41345711›Full record

ArticleBasic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology2026

Reducing Anticholinergic Burden in Hospitalised Older Adults: Analysis From the INFAR Study.

Romana Santos Gama, Luiz Carlos Passos, Welma Wildes Amorim, Renato Morais Souza, Marcio Galvão Oliveira

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Romana Santos GamaPostgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Services and Policies, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-1251
Luiz Carlos PassosDepartment of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7608-1482
Welma Wildes AmorimDepartment of Health Sciences, State University of Southwest Bahia, Vitória da Conquista Campus, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6964-892X
Renato Morais SouzaSarah Kubitschek Rehabilitation Centre, Brasília, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1075-6410
Marcio Galvão OliveiraPostgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Services and Policies, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5281-7889

Funding

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Finance Code 001Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Financial Code 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-led medication reviews in reducing the anticholinergic burden of hospitalised patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), to identify which anticholinergic medications were most frequently prescribed or discontinued during hospitalisation and to investigate factors associated with an elevated anticholinergic burden via secondary analysis of the INFAR study. An uncontrolled before-and-after design was used, and medication reviews were performed for all patients so that the anticholinergic burden of medications prescribed to older adults during their hospital stay could be examined. The mean age of the 319 patients was 68.9 years (±6.2), and upon hospital admission, 40.4% were classified as having a high anticholinergic burden, decreasing to 22.6% at discharge. Multivariate analysis at admission indicated that polypharmacy (PR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.47-2.72) and potentially inappropriate medication (PR = 4.47; 95% CI = 2.10-9.53) were independently associated with a higher anticholinergic burden; however, only inappropriate medication was significantly associated with a high burden (PR = 2.39; 95% CI = 1.54-3.71) at discharge. The results indicate that a clinical pharmacist-led medication review may reduce the anticholinergic burden in older adults with CVD, highlighting the importance of such a review in promoting safer prescribing practices during hospitalisation.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesCholinergic AntagonistsInappropriate PrescribingPharmacistsPharmacy Service, HospitalAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedPolypharmacyCholinergic Antagonistsanticholinergic burdenclinical pharmacydeprescribingmedication reviewolder adults

Identifiers

PMID41345711
PMCPMC12678677

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.