Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41345611›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

War, displacement, and mental health: striving for health equity among young refugees and IDPs in Sudan.

Fatima Elbasri Abuelgasim Mohammed, Marafi Jammaa Ahmed, Enas Osama Hassan Omer, Maab Elfadil Ahmed Abbas, Hafeia A Abdelgyoum, Ashraf Asim Khalid Mahmoud, Faris Mohammed Abbas Mahadi, Leena Zarroug Hassan Mohamed Ahmed, Ola Abdelmoneim Ahmed Osman, Eisar Babiker Bakheit Mahgoub Suliman and 14 more

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Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Fatima Elbasri Abuelgasim MohammedFaculty of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan. fatima.abuelgasim12@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1972-1401
Marafi Jammaa AhmedFaculty of Medicine, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-5032-8627
Enas Osama Hassan OmerFaculty of Medicine, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-2298-9217
Maab Elfadil Ahmed AbbasFaculty of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Hafeia A AbdelgyoumFaculty of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ashraf Asim Khalid MahmoudFaculty of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Faris Mohammed Abbas MahadiFaculty of Medicine, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Leena Zarroug Hassan Mohamed AhmedFaculty of Medicine, National Ribaat University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ola Abdelmoneim Ahmed OsmanFaculty of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Eisar Babiker Bakheit Mahgoub SulimanFaculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
Samah Mohamed Elazhari Elhag AhmedFaculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ruba Ahmed Osman MohamedFaculty Of Medicine, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum Bahri, Sudan.
Zainub Khader Mahmoud ElobiedFaculty of Medicine, National University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Afaf Mohamed Ibrahim AbdallaFaculty of Medicine, National University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Abrar Mohamed Osman AhmedFaculty of Medicine, National University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Malaz Salaheldin Mohamed AbdallaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Raghda M BabikerFaculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-azhar University, Cairo branch, Cairo, Egypt.
Leena Yousif Omer ElbasheirFaculty of Medicine, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Alaa Elshiekh Hassan IbrahimFaculty of Medicine, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ruba Abdelmoniem Ahmed OsmanFaculty of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Maab Diab Badr DiabFaculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Aula Gamal HamidFaculty of Medicine, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Eithar MahmoudFaculty of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Doha Ismat AbdalrahmanFaculty of Medicine, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSince the outbreak of armed conflict in Sudan on April 13, 2023, 13 million have been displaced, with young people bearing a significant share of the psychological burden. Despite growing awareness, the mental health impact of this crisis remains underexplored, especially among internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees aged 15 to 35.

methodsThis cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the displaced Sudanese youth, using validated screening tools (PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PC-PTSD-5). Participants were reached via an online questionnaire between September 2024 and January 2025. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify key predictors for each mental health condition.

resultsDepression and anxiety were widespread, affecting over half the respondents, while PTSD symptoms were present in 19%. Financial loss, bereavement, job loss, and disruption of education were significantly associated with both depression and anxiety. PTSD was more likely among individuals displaced for over two years, those who experienced personal loss, and those whose education was interrupted. Females were disproportionately affected across all mental health outcomes.

conclusionThe mental health toll of the ongoing conflict in Sudan is severe among displaced youth, with a high prevalence of depression and anxiety driven by financial insecurity, loss, and disrupted life trajectories. These findings underscore the urgent need for integrated mental health services within humanitarian responses. Addressing trauma through community-based interventions and psychosocial support is critical to prevent long-term harm.

Indexed as

DepressionMental HealthRefugeesStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticWarfareAdolescentAdultAnxietyCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceSudanSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultIDPsMental HealthRefugeesSudanYouth

Identifiers

PMID41345611
PMCPMC12838485

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.