ArticleScientific reports2025
Analysis of sit-ski alpine skiing trajectories based on an inverted pendulum model.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study analyzes sit-ski alpine skiing trajectories during gate-turning phases using an inverted pendulum model combined with an advanced kinematic testing system involving inertial sensors and drone video analysis. Data were collected from 11 elite sit-ski athletes during runs on a designated slope segment. The inertial sensor system showed static accuracy of 2° and an average deviation of 0.008 m, while drone video analysis had a mean relative error of 1.36% ± 0.94%. Analysis of 33 gate turns revealed a mean skiing distance of 13.61 ± 2.87 m and mean time of 0.88 ± 0.19 s, with significant positive correlation ([Formula: see text]< 0.05) between single-gate skiing time ([Formula: see text]) and the minimum distance ([Formula: see text]) ([Formula: see text] = 0.74,[Formula: see text]< 0.01) and lateral distance ([Formula: see text]) ([Formula: see text] = 0.73,[Formula: see text] = 0.01). Simulation with the inverted pendulum model yielded a COM trajectory length of 97.93 ± 2.31 m, 1.66 ± 3.61 m shorter than actual values ([Formula: see text] = 0.16), and a simulated time of 6.36 ± 0.64 s, showing strong consistency (ICC = 0.85 for time, ICC = 0.45 for trajectory length). These results confirm that optimizing the balance of turning radius, speed, and distance reduces skiing time, supporting the model's effectiveness in individualizing trajectory optimization for sit-ski alpine skiing.
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