Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41345426›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Smart photonic crystal fiber optical sensor for tuberculosis detection with machine learning integration.

A H M Iftekharul Ferdous, Thouhida Khanom Nisha, Abdullah Al Mamun, Md Jakir Hossen, Md Safiul Islam, Md Feroz Ali, Md Shamim Anower

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Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

A H M Iftekharul FerdousDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh. digonto_eee3@yahoo.com.
Thouhida Khanom NishaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh.
Abdullah Al MamunDepartment of Electrical and Electrical Engineering, Feni University, Feni, 3900, Bangladesh.
Md Jakir HossenCenter for Advanced Analytics (CAA), COE for Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering & Technology (FET), Multimedia University, 75450, Melaka, Malaysia. jakir.hossen@mmu.edu.my.
Md Safiul IslamDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh.
Md Feroz AliDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh.
Md Shamim AnowerDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

One of the most common infectious disease-related causes of death globally, particularly in low- and middle-income nations, persists: tuberculosis. At a manifestation of globalization, causes of death keep growing. As it happens, we have developed a sensor that quickly recognizes tuberculosis. The sensor operates in the (1-2 THz) frequency band, resulting in exemplary recognition and accuracy. Our present work asserts the design and numerical analysis of a hexagonal hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) sensor for detecting tuberculosis (TB) cells adopting the finite element method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1. This work highlights the synergy between advanced photonic sensor design and intelligent data analytics in next-generation healthcare technologies. The sensor operates at 1.6 THz and is optimized to achieve high relative sensitivity (RS), low confinement loss (CL), and minimal effective material loss (EML), critical parameters for effective biosensing. The proposed PCF has a maximum Relative Sensitivity of 95.28%, 95.34%, 95.41%, 95.46% & 95.53%, corresponding to refractive indexes (RI) of n = 1.345, 1.346, 1.347, 1.348 and 1.349; which are characteristic of TB-infected biological samples. CL values fall from 1.254 × 10

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesFiber Optic TechnologyMachine LearningOptical FibersTuberculosisHumansPhotonsConfinement loss (CL)Effective material loss (EML)Hexagonal shapeMachine learningNumerical aperture (NA)Photonic crystal fiber (PCF)P (Pitch)Relative sensitivity (RS)Tuberculosis sensing

Identifiers

PMID41345426
PMCPMC12678420

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.