Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41345378›Full record

ReviewHigh blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension2026

Transdermal Clonidine for Hypertension: An Underutilized Ally in the Modern Era.

Stefano Masi, Nicola Riccardo Pugliese, Stefano Taddei, Claudio Ferri, Claudio Borghi

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Stefano MasiDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Nicola Riccardo PuglieseDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy. n.r.pugliese88@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5473-227X
Stefano TaddeiDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
Claudio FerriDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Claudio BorghiMedical and Surgical Sciences Department, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite advancements in pharmacological strategies, blood pressure (BP) control remains unsatisfactory in a significant proportion of hypertensive patients. This may be related to the multifactorial pathogenesis of hypertension, which makes treatment challenging and often requires the use of multiple BP-lowering pills that can reduce adherence. Transdermal clonidine, a central α₂-adrenergic agonist, offers a unique antihypertensive approach that may deserve renewed consideration. Although largely abandoned in the oral form due to side effects and withdrawal concerns, the transdermal patch provides a steadier drug release and improved tolerability. This review summarizes evidence from randomized and observational studies evaluating the efficacy, safety, and adherence profile of transdermal clonidine in the treatment of hypertension. Overall, the patch demonstrated blood pressure-lowering efficacy comparable to standard first-line agents, such as β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics. It was particularly effective in improving treatment adherence and reducing the risk of rebound hypertension during discontinuation. Adverse effects, mainly dry mouth, sedation, and mild skin reactions, were generally well tolerated. These findings suggest that transdermal clonidine may serve as a useful adjunct or alternative therapy in patients with resistant hypertension, poor adherence to oral therapy, or intolerance to other drug classes, and that its role deserves to be reconsidered within contemporary, patient-centered antihypertensive strategies.

Indexed as

Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor AgonistsAntihypertensive AgentsBlood PressureClonidineHypertensionAdministration, CutaneousHumansMedication AdherenceRisk FactorsTransdermal PatchTreatment OutcomeAdrenergic alpha-2 Receptor AgonistsAntihypertensive AgentsClonidineHypertension ManagementTransdermal ClonidineTreatment Adherence

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.