Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41345313›Full record

ReviewDie Ophthalmologie2026

[Emerging technology for retinal function testing: two-photon microperimetry].

Ava Niknahad, Agnieszka Zielińska, Gerd U Auffarth, Hyeck-Soo Son, Hun Lee, Ramin Khoramnia, Grzegorz Łabuz

Abstract readEnglish AbstractReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Die Ophthalmologie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ava NiknahadThe David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Agnieszka ZielińskaThe David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Gerd U AuffarthThe David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland. Gerd.Auffarth@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
Hyeck-Soo SonThe David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Hun LeeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Südkorea.
Ramin KhoramniaThe David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Grzegorz ŁabuzThe David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The technique of 2‑photon microperimetry is an emerging procedure that combines measurement of retinal sensitivity with retinal imaging and offers substantial improvements compared to conventional microperimetry. Conventional microperimetry relies on 1‑photon linear absorption while 2‑photon microperimetry relies on the simultaneous absorption of two photons, leading to enough energy for photoisomerization of visual pigments and perception of colors, such as green. This 2‑photon absorption process has shown a lower spread of measurements at one retinal location, leading to more reproducible data compared to conventional microperimetry. The current literature also suggests that 2‑photon microperimetry provides more reliable measurements in the presence of lens opacities, a common issue in an aging eye. Furthermore, it has been successfully utilized to assess retinal function in patients with diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and glaucomatous neuropathy. These advantages highlight the very promising application in clinical settings. Future adjustments focusing on implementing this technology in the clinical practice could improve outcomes in the early detection and monitoring of retinal diseases.

Indexed as

RetinaRetinal DiseasesVisual Field TestsHumansPhotonsInfrared visionMicroperimetryRetinal biomarkersRetinal sensitivityTwo-photon absorption

Identifiers

PMID41345313

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.