ReviewNature reviews. Neuroscience2026
How distributed is the brain-wide network that is recruited for cognition?
Review in Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Distributed Neural Substrates for Autonomic Control During Human Thermoregulation: Brain Network Configurations of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Innervation.Brain topography · 2026Article
- Decoupling Choice from Motor Response Reduces Choice-History Effects.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Frontal Eye Field Leads a Distributed Oculomotor Circuit for Abstract Categorical Decisions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Large-scale electrophysiology at single-spike resolution.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Addressing degeneracy in rodent studies of cognition.Current opinion in neurobiology · 2026Review
- Effects of overt and covert attention on decision-making dynamics in prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A brain-wide, trial- and time-dependent deterministic drive synergizes with within-trial noise to time self-initiated actions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Neural representations of beliefs in a multi-dimensional inference task.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Half a century of neurophysiological recordings from single electrodes established a 'localized' viewpoint on function in the brain - that complex behaviour results from computations that are carried out and representations that occur across distinct brain areas, each of which has a specialized role. Data generated from new techniques for specific, high-throughput measurement of neuronal activity and behaviour in rodents have prompted an alternative viewpoint, which posits that neural encoding of behavioural variables is distributed across a wide range of areas: 'everything, everywhere, all at once'. After briefly introducing these paradigms, we evaluate which of them better describes cognition - the manipulation of internal variables that enables flexible behaviour. Measurements of neuronal activity in both rodents and primates suggest that cognitive variables are reflected broadly but not ubiquitously across the brain, including, to a surprising degree, in regions engaged in controlling movement. We close by discussing why cognitive signals may appear in such areas, as well as the factors that affect the breadth of the brain-wide network that is recruited for cognition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.