ArticlePloS one2025
Trend analysis and projection of gastric cancer burden linked to high sodium intake in China, Japan, Republic of Korea, and Mongolia (1990-2021): A comprehensive assessment based on the 2021 global burden of disease study.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHigh sodium intake (HSI) is one of the risk factors for gastric cancer. China, Japan, Republic of Korea, and Mongolia are among the countries with the highest gastric cancer incidence worldwide. This study aimed to assess the burden of gastric cancer linked to HSI in these four countries from 1990 to 2021, and to project future trends.
methodsThe 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database was used to analyze trends in HSI-related gastric cancer burden and differences by age and sex in the four countries. Trend changes were evaluated using Joinpoint regression. Decomposition analysis was conducted to assess the relative contributions of demographic aging, population growth, and epidemiological shifts. Future burden was forecast using a Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model.
resultsIn 2021, the number of gastric cancer deaths in China linked to HSI was 36,958 (95% UI: 0-183,972), with 883,435 DALYs (95% UI: 0-4,461,211). The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) was 1.78 (95% UI: 0-8.81) per 100,000, and the age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) was 41.49 (95% UI: 0-208.59) per 100,000. Across the four countries, the burden of gastric cancer due to HSI was greater in males and elderly groups. Trends in ASMR and ASDR showed consistent declines in all four countries according to Joinpoint analysis. Decomposition analysis demonstrated that epidemiological shifts contributed to easing the burden. The BAPC model projected that the ASMR and ASDR of HSI-related gastric cancer would decrease over the upcoming 15 years in the four countries.
conclusionsDuring 1990-2021, ASMR and ASDR for HSI-related gastric cancer declined in China, Japan, Republic of Korea, and Mongolia, yet differences by sex and age remained. Policymakers need to formulate targeted public health measures in light of these differences.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.