Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41343087›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurology2025

Neurological immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: clinical and hematological risk factors.

Luca Marsili, Jesus Abanto, Samuel B Marcucci, Kevin R Duque, Martina Chirra, Joseph LaPorta, Hannah VanDusen, Neha Paruchuri, Ayesha Shaik, Trisha Wise-Draper and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Luca MarsiliJames J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, 260 Stetson Street, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA. luc.marsili@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-9911
Jesus AbantoJames J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, 260 Stetson Street, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA.
Samuel B MarcucciWaddell Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA.
Kevin R DuqueJames J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, 260 Stetson Street, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA.
Martina ChirraDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Joseph LaPortaWaddell Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA.
Hannah VanDusenDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Neha ParuchuriDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Ayesha ShaikJames J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, 260 Stetson Street, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA.
Trisha Wise-DraperDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Alberto J EspayJames J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, 260 Stetson Street, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA.
Alberto VogrigDepartment of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, but can induce neurological immune-related adverse events (n-irAEs).

objectiveWe aimed at evaluating the occurrence and characteristics of n-irAEs in cancer patients treated with ICIs and identifying biomarkers predictive of such complications in a single-center case-control study in the USA.

methodsWe retrospectively reviewed the electronic health records for all patients treated with ICIs at the University of Cincinnati in 2011-2023. Demographic and clinical data were gathered for patients who experienced at least one n-irAE. Logistic regression was conducted to assess the associated factors for n-irAEs.

resultsTwenty-eight (1.5%)/1817 patients who received ICI developed n-irAEs. Compared to those who did not, n-irAEs patients were older (median age, 75 vs 68 years; p < 0.001), male (75%, vs 56% p = 0.04), more likely to have used more than one ICI drug (36% vs 15%, p = 0.015), and had higher absolute eosinophil count before the first infusion (159 [75-251] vs 94 [37-194] cells/uL, p = 0.039). The most common cancer site was melanoma among cases (43%) and lungs in controls (31%, p < 0.001; non-small cell lung cancer, 73%). Neuropathy (34.4%) and encephalitis (18.8%) were the most common n-irAEs. Three subjects died of n-irAEs complications. Sixteen/28 cases (57%) improved at follow-up after ICIs discontinuation. The median time to n-irAEs after ICI administration was 68 (30-473) days.

conclusionN-irAEs are rare, serious, and potentially reversible complications of ICIs, occurring in the early treatment phase. Older age, male sex, multiple ICI therapies, and higher absolute eosinophil count before first infusion are associated with n-irAEs.

Indexed as

Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsNeoplasmsNervous System DiseasesAgedAged, 80 and overCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsAutoimmune encephalitisImmunotherapyNeuroimmunologyNeurooncologyTreatment outcome

Identifiers

PMID41343087

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.